Zaiats P. Productivity of soybean and winter wheat depending on methods of the basic cultivation of gray forest soil uder measures of segetal vegetation control

Object - formation of productivity of soybean and winter wheat depending on methods of the main cultivation and efficiency of means of control of weeds in a crop rotation link, varietal reaction of winter wheat to application of herbicides. The aim was to determine effective methods of basic tillage of gray forest soil and various weed control measures for growing winter soybeans and winter wheat in the link of grain-row crop rotation in the conditions of climate change. Research methods - field, laboratory, measuring and weighing, comparative and calculated, mathematical and statistical. As a result of research conducted during 2014-2019 in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on gray forest loamy soil, the peculiarities of the influence of basic tillage methods, doses and terms of herbicide application on winter wheat and soybean productivity were established; the complex influence of methods of basic tillage and application of herbicides in different regulations for soybean and winter wheat cultivation on agrophysical and agrochemical indicators of soil fertility, level of weediness of crops and productivity of crops of grain-row crop rotation is determined; the varietal reaction of winter wheat under the action of herbicides, which is manifested in the change of internode length, ear and plant height, weight of 1000 grains and grain from ear, is proved. Scientific developments were tested in 2018-2019 in PE "Western Bug" Brody district, Lviv region and implemented in 2020 in the agricultural enterprise LLC "Western agricultural traditions" Pustomyty district, Lviv region on an area of 150 hectares, ensuring soybean yield at the level of 2.9 t/ha and winter wheat - 7.0 t/ha with an increase in labor productivity by 16-18% and a reduction in energy consumption by 18-20%. Field of use - agricultural production.