Chaikovska V. Microorganisms of the rizosphere of winter wheat after bioorganic-mineral system of fertilization

This dissertation work studies the influence of a bioorganic and mineral fertilization system on the composition and activity of the rizosphere biocenosis of winter crop wheat, on crop productivity, and quality of the resulting harvest. A set of complex studies has established that the most characteristic changes of microbiologic processes in seed inoculated with microbial preparations and winter crop wheat fertilized with different types of organic fertilizers take a place in the tillering period, these changes result in the rise of the general quantity of the microbial mass in the soil, the amount of microorganisms which carry out the rotation of nitrogen, cellulose decomposing and antifungal activity of the soil, and a decrease in the variety of microorganisms, that are all instrumental in the decline of root decay by 15.2 to 20.0%. As a result, the productivity of winter crop wheat increased by 16.8 to 25.1% for a harvest control at 4.68 tons per hectare and maintenance of gluten in the grain at 1.2 to 4.7% depending on the type of the organic fertilizers applied. New bacterial cultures were discovered which appear to be antagonistic to a wide spectrum of phytopathogenic microorganisms. The most active culture Pseudomonas sp. 118 reduced the development of root decay by 18.9% for spontaneous plant infection, by 27.5% for an artificially created Helminthosporium blight infection and by 13% on Fusarium blight.