Melikyan S. 3. The influence of nitrate and nitrite on the metabolism in cattle rumen and their conversion in experiments in vitro

Object of research - metabolic processes in rumen of cattle microorganisms cells, and in vitro influence of nitrates and nitrites on them. Purpose - to establish the influence of nitrates and nitrites on metabolic processes in bacteria and protozoa cells of cattle rumen microorganisms and how they depend on feeding, mineral and age factors. Methods of - biochemical and statistical. Novelty - for the first time the comparative researches of a reduction of nitrates and nitrites in cattle rumen were conducted. It was shown, that considerable nitrate reductase activity is possessed by about one third of total microorganisms population in rumen, being the level of nitrite reduction is significantly lower, the level of nitrate reduction. On the whole, the intensity of these processes in bacteria was higher, than in protozoa. For the first time the influence of carboxylic acids and mineral elements on a reduction of nitrates and nitrites in the rumen and its links with peroxidative processes and its influenceon antioxidant defence system in microorganisms cells was investigated. In the presence of glutathione, dithiothreitol and cysteine the nitrate and nitrite reductase activity increase in bacteria and protozoa, and activity there is a molybdenum, iron, zinc. Nitrate reductase activity considerably decreases under the influence of sulfate. The activity of nitrite reductase considerably increases under influence of ethanol with simultaneous storage of ammonia.