Kaminetskiy V. Ecolodgic and economic ground of the semi-free maintenance of the hoof-animals (on the example State organization "Rezydence "Zalessya" and Azovo-Sivashsky National natural park)

Formation of the population of the hoof-animals under conditions of theire exessiv density and artificial limitation of the existence area is reprecented is the dissertation. Density of the hoof-animals in the timberland of the State organization "Residence "Zalessya" reaches 122 animal units per 1000 hectares. In the steppe biotope of the Azovo-Sivashsky National natural park this index is 519 animal units per 1000 hectares. Formation of interspecies relations between separate populations of ungulate is studied. The social hierarchy of species that are on the same trophic level is determined. Factors that impact population quantity dynamics is determined for population of every species. Mature pine plantations with a developed underbrush is priority lands for red deer, from where it drives out fallow deer and roe deer to fresh dry coniferous forests, where pine-moss-lichen associations dominate. Under conditions of combined maintenance of elk and sika deer the last dominates in alder-tree plantationswith abundant grass layer, while the elk expansion is limited by pine underwood. High level artificial extranutrition determines the independence of wild boar from characteristic humid stations and neutral interrelations with other species of hoof-animals. Mouflon most fully assimilates trophic resources of the steppe zone, therefore it is the most adapted animal to the open biotope conditions. At the same time when mouflon is absent fallow deer shows a bigger ecologic plasticity as compared with red deer.