Pavlychenko A. Ecological, physiological and morphological features micromycetes, isolated from buildings of Chernobl nuclear power plant

This work describes the morphological, physiological and biochemical features dark-coloured micromycetes, isolated from buildings of Chernobl nuclear power plant. This study let us to understand how fungi can live in that ecotope. It has been shown, that all investigated strains of H. resinae, C. shpaerospermum and C. herbarum grew slowly, had a low specific growth rate during stationary (0.002 - 0.02 h-1) and submerged (0.006 - 0.059 h-1) cultivation. Also, all the micromycetes had ability to adaptation to different concentrations carbon ( in range of 6 orders). Therefore we can include this micromycetes to group of facultative olygotrophic fungi. It was shown that dark-coloured micromycetes, isolated from buildings of Chernobl nuclear power plant were resistant to long-continued starvation (200 days) and grew on free silica gel. When the micromycetes grew on the nutrient medium with low concentrations of carbon 2 types of morphological changes in the strains of H. resinae, C. shpaerospermum and C. herbarum were determined. Thus, strains of H. resinae losed their conidiaphores and formed fragmented mycelium, but in the strains of C. shpaerospermum and C. herbarum we observed reduction of conidia. A majority strains of H. resinae, C. shpaerospermum and C. herbarum showed low enzyme activities, that were absent in 26% cases. Only strains of H. resinae 63, 77, 76, 52 showed a high lipolytic activity. The most of investigated fungal strains had high intracellular and low extracellular catalase activities. All featuresof investigated strains of H. resinae, C. shpaerospermum and C. herbarum mentioned above determine their contstent presence in the buildings of Chernobl nuclear power plant.