Saltan O. American and Soviet nuclear missile confrontation in 1945–1962

The object of study – American-Soviet relations of 1945-1962. The purpose of study is revealing, analysis and generalization of the key tendencies American-Soviet confrontation of 1945-1962, which occurred under influence of intensive development of missile-nuclear arms, in conditions of a deepening of the interstate contradictions connected to the beginning of "cold war". The methods: structurally-functional, historical-genetic, chronology and periodization, comparative-historical, method of the analysis and synthesis. The practical value of the work: the materials of the dissertation can be used for realization of scientific researches and spelling of the monographies; in study process in educational institutions of system of Ministry of education and science of Ukraine, and also Ministry of a defense of Ukraine as the textbook for the students, lecture material on the newest history for the teachers, which study a history of the international relations, external politics USSR and USA of the secondhalf of ХХ century. In dissertation on the basis of analysis and systematization of plenty of sources the considerable part of which is first entered in a scientific terminology the dynamics of American-soviet rocket-nuclear opposition is researched in the initial period: from 1945 to 1962. Basic trends and features of influence of nuclear weapon are in-process analyzed on the global policy of superpowers in the conditions of military-political confrontation between the USA and USSR. Basic directions, forms and management methods, financing of rocket-nuclear industry of the Soviet Union are studied. The role of party bodies and soviet scientists is shown in the process of creation of triad of strategic nuclear forces. The mechanism of reformation of military forces of the USSR is exposed on a background of provision of soviet army with the newest rocket-nuclear weapons, and also negative consequences of such steps of the Kremlin leadership. Genesis of decision-making about placing soviet ballistic missiles istraced in Cuba, the whole dynamism of process of settlement of the Caribbean crisis which becomes the apogee of «cold war». The work proves the tactic of «brinkmanship», application of «nuclear blackmail», within the framework of method of rocket-nuclear diplomacy, as a rule, results in the origin of «nuclear deadlock» being the only alternative of the open large-scale conflict with the use of nuclear weapons.