Vyshnevska L. Influence of a long-term fertilization in crop rotation on the fertility of chernozem podzolic of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe and productivity of sugar beet hybrids

Object – the correlation between the parameters of nutritive soil regime indices, fertilizers, assimilation of nutrition elements and training of productive sugar beet hybrids. Porpose – to establish the action of long–term use (from 1964) of various organic and mineral doses of fertilizers and their connection in field crop rotation stationary trial at agrochemical indices of podzolized chernozem of Right Bank Forest – Steppe and the influence of created levels of its fertility on realization the potential of sugar beets hybrids of different plant breeding centres. Methods – the field stationary trial, laboratory researches, methods of statistics processing of information, calculating comparative method. Theoretical results – the influence oflong-term application of fertilizers on the changes of agrochemical indices of soil fertility and its nutritive regime is determined the influence of various level of soil fertility on growth processes, development and forming structure of sugar beet yield and its qualitative indices is analyzed, the dynamics of assimilation of nutritive elements by sugar beet hybrids at various level of soil fertility is established the meaning of fertilizers doses and systems of fertilization in realizing the genetic potential of sugar beet hybrid is done; the economic, agrochemic and power estimation of the efficacy of sugar beet hybrids growing while using various doses and systems of fertilizers in field crop rotation has been carried out. Practical results – the recommendations of sugar beet fertilizing on podzolized chernozem of different fertility level with taking into account the biological peculiarities of hybrids in the condition of Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are given. The economic valuation of its growing that permits to choose the doses of fertilizers for getting high yield of sugar from one sowing area has been found out. Is recommended on podzolized chernozem in the regions with low plants nutritive elements to use such hybrids as Ukrainskyi ChS-70, Umanskyi ChS-90, Ariana, Kristella, with high – Ariana, Kristella. Novelty – the role of podzolized chernozem fertility created by long-term (40 years) fertilizers use in field crop rotation in realization genetic potential of sugar beet hybrid is suggested. The parameters of their mineral nutrition for getting sugar yield 5-7 t/ha are given. Moderate saturation of crop rotation with fertilizers that ensures the reproduction of soil fertility and gives the possibility to cover the expense by high yield is proved. The equal parameters of sugar beet provision with main element of nutrition and their removal by various sugar beet hybrids for regional conditions and the level of podzolized chernozem fertility are researched. Degree of application – the results of researches have been introduced in L.L.S. “Bohdanivske” Tulchyn district Vinnytsya region on 217 ha; TV “Agrofirma Agroros” Korsun-Shevchenkivsk district Cherkasy region on 190 ha and FF “Agrofirm Basys” Uman district Cherkasy region on 240 ha. The field is agrochemistry and agricultural sciences.