Didkovskaya T. Technological bases of making and humates application under vegetable cultures

Object is technological processes of making of humates, influence of preparations on energy of germination and likeness of seed, harvest of vegetable cultures that fertility of soil. Purpose – to develop technological bases of making of humates from a sapropel; to set and ground agricultural chemistry, power and economic expedience of the use of preparations; to learn their influence on the laboratory indexes of seed, productivity of vegetable cultures in the closed soil. Methods are experiments under vegetable cultures in the protected soil, laboratory agricultural chemistry methods of analysis of soil and plants, statistical methods of treatment of results of researches and methods of bioenergy and economic estimation of technologies in a vegetable-growing. Theoretical results – influence of duration and temperature of grinding down, concentration (volume) of lye, state and humidity of sapropel on the output of salts of humus acids is certain. Grounded, that as a main test in relation to the estimation of efficiency of humates length of germinating seed can serve at the soakage of seed. Influence of humin preparations is studied at the different amounts of treatments during a vegetation on the quantitative, high-quality indexes of harvest of vegetable cultures and change of agricultural chemistry properties of soils. The economic and power evaluation of technologies of growing of cucumber is conducted, tomato and pepper sweet at the use of humin preparations. Practical results – the technological process of making of humin preparations is developed from a sapropel, the optimum concentration of preparation is set for the soakage of seed before sowing that amount of treatments during a vegetation at growing of vegetable cultures with the purpose of increase of harvest and improvement of his quality. Novelty – first grounded technology of making of humin preparations (humate to potassium, humate to sodium, humate to the ammonium) from a sapropel as growth factors plants under vegetable cultures. Certainly optimum concentration of preparations at the soakage of seed (pepper of sweet, tomato, cucumber, cabbage, bow) and periods of treatment of pepper sweet, tomato and cucumber. It is set that the use of preparation of «Saprogum-K» is most effective stimulator at growing of pepper of sweet and tomato, and preparation of «Saprogum-NH4» - cucumber. It is well-proven that applications of these measures are provided by the high indexes of energy of germination and likeness of seed, lengths of проростка, harvests of green-stuffs and high quality of products. Developed and ratified in accordance with established procedure – TC 24.1-33579789-001:2007. Degree of application – dissertation job performances are basis for the use in a production in the process of making of humin preparations and development of recommendations of their application in the protected soil at growing of vegetable cultures. The got job performances can be used for the scientific ground of technologies of growing of green-stuffs with the purpose of receipt of stable and safe-health man food stuffs. Materials of dissertation research can be utillized in an educational process at teaching of disciplines from agricultural chemistry and vegetable-growing. The field is scientifically-educational and agricultural.