Kyryk V. Characterization of expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells of different maturity and their effect on immune system functioning in mice of different ages

The object of study. Features of the functional state of the immune system in mice lines CBA / Ca, FVB at different ages after lethal irradiation and without irradiation in the environment of transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of bone marrow (young donors) or fetal liver HSCs (13.5 days gestation mice embryo). The purpose of the study. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of the hematopoietic stem cells transplantation on the functions of the immune system of young and old organisms and to identify features of the cells migration and differentiation. Methods: determination of subpopulations of cells in bone marrow, thymus and spleen using flow cytometry; granulocytes, macrophages and stromal cells colonies forming in vitro; reaction of splenocytes blast-transformation; determination of phagocytosis activity; determination of agglutinins and haemolysins in serum; determination of the antibody-production cells in spleen; identification of the transplanted cells by the fluorescence or using laser-scanning microscopy and flow cytometry methods. Equipment: laboratory centrifuges, scales, CO2 incubator, water bath, laser flow cytometer-sorter, laser scanning microscope, inverted microscope, microsurgical instruments. Scientific novelty of the results. The particular effects of the HSC of bone marrow and fetal liver on immunological processes in different age periods in the radiation damage environment and in the irradiated organisms were represented. The features of regenerative effects of the HSCs, depended on their maturity and age of the recipients were represented. It was demonstrated the migration and differentiation of transplanted HSCs in the recipient and their ability to migrate to ischemic damaged zone in hippocampus was shown. These results allow us to understand the additional mechanisms of functioning of stem cells, investigation of which is the basis for understanding physiological and pathological processes of immunology, hematology and gerontology. The practical importance of the results. Important data which is part of the establishment of mechanisms of organisms' development and aging was obtained. It allows us to evaluate the best ways for isolation and transplantation of HSCs for more effective rehabilitation and correct impact of immune system, which is one of the key moments of regenerative medicine and transplantation. Scope: 73.10.1 - research and development on natural sciences.