Kapitanov I. Investigation of microheterogeneous supernucleophilic systems for decomposition of ecotoxicants

Thesis is devoted to the regularities in decomposition of ecotoxicants by microheterogeneous systems. The reactivity of typical oxygen a-nucleophiles (HOO-, BrO-, NH2OH, CH3NHOH and (CH3)2NOH) toward the acyl derivatives of ecotoxicants in water, micelles of CTABr, and functional detergents with a–nucleophilic fragment was examined. It was found that on transferring the decomposition process into the micellar pseudophase, the nucleophilicity of the reactants remains nearly unchanged in all cases and the effect of concentrating is responsible for considerable (10-500 fold) increase in the observed reaction rate. The nucleophilicity of the functional detergents with oximate fragment corresponds to their basicity and can be described by the Bronsted relationship, similar to that for oximes incapable for forming the micelles. The findings provide the simple and reliable prediction of nucleophilic reactivity of such detergents and the development of the strategies for their further modification.