Tselen B. Heat and mass transfer and hydrodynamic at thermovacuum treatment of liquids

The thesis is devoted to realization of scientific analysis of heat and mass transfer and hydrodynamic processes, which flow in the apparatus for thermo-vacuum treatment of liquids with regard to its work optimization, reducing total energy consumption and development of method of computing these apparatus, as well. It have been established the basic criteria of efficiency of apparatus of thermo-vacuum treatment of liquids. The mathematical model for evaporation and condensation growth of single droplets in stationary and non-stationary modes both for air and for superheated vapor has been produced On the basis of this model the mathematical model of apparatus is worked out with account of heat and mass transfer between the apparatus chambers. It is shown that account of gradient of temperature into a drop plays a considerable role at the estimation of duration of non-stationary period of process, the more so noticeable, than greater size of drop. It has been also proved the essential influence of quality of liquid dispersion processes in the chambers on effective work of apparatus. It has been shown that there is exists a potential possibility of diminishing of power losses in a apparatus by 30 %. As a result the analytical method calculating apparatus of this type is developed which was used while designing new apparatus of high productivity for dairy industry. Keywords: evaporation, condensation, droplets, superheated vapor, condensation-evaporated scheme, heat and mass transfer, drop, liquid dispersion, recuperation, power efficiency, modeling.