Shapovalova V. Radiodiagnostics of the changes in thoracic organs at bronchopulmonary dysplasia at newborns and children of early age.

The dissertation is devoted to a problem of the improvement of radiodiagnostics for bronchopulmonary dysplasia at newborns and children of early age. According to the results of the obtained findings the bronchopulmonary dysplasia frequency has been determined at premature and full-term newborns. It has been proved that not only the respiratory distress syndrome but also meconium aspiration syndrome and pneumonias favour the bronchopulmonary dysplasia development. The x-ray semiotical signs have been specified according to the convection roentgenography and computer tomography findings for thoracic organs depending on the bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity. It has been denoted that these signs as a rule were rather combined than isolate. Two main groups of the changes in transparence have been classified: 1) mainly with signs of distension (emphysema); 2) mainly with the signs of decreased transparence due to pneumofibrosis, atelectases, infiltration. On the base of the ultrasonic investigation of heart and pulmonary vessels it was found out the development of pulmonary hypertension which may be both as one of the causes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development and as its complication. The verified difference of these findings depending on the term of neonate and degree of bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity has been determined. The carried x-ray pathomorphological comparison denote to the bronchopulmonary dysplasia x-ray picture conformity to the morphological findings and to the great sensitivity of the roentgenological technique in the making diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (its complications and accompanying states). These research gives evidence that the development of the changes in lungs at bronchopulmonary dysplasia is phasic and depends on numerous factors: on such as maternal diseases, which may be a cause of premature delivery and fetal infecting of child, up to the methods of treatment.