Afonina I. Selective electrochemical extraction of palladium from raw materials and its application in electrosynthesis of catalytically active structures

A research object is chemical and electrochemical processes of selection palladium from palladium-containing raw materials and electrochemical processes of the creation of catalytically active palladium-containing structures. The research purpose is establishing patterns of anthropogenic palladium wastes-processing and electrosynthesis of conductive porous matrix with immobilized nanosized palladium, and the usage of its catalytic properties for hydrogen detection. Research methods and apparatus - a study of the kinetics of palladium discharge and the calculation of the amount of deposited polyaniline and palladium due to gravimetric analysis; the mechanism of the cathodic discharge of palladium due to linear voltammetry; the purity of palladium according to X-ray analysis; studies of the mechanism of formation of PAN film, electrode PAN-Pd and oxidation reaction of hydrogen with usage of cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic polarization measurings; the conductivity of synthesized polyaniline due to impedance spectroscopy; the morphology of the synthesized coverings due to electron microscopy. Theoretical and practical results - the creation of technological schemes of anthropogenic palladium wastes-processing; it is proposed a combined method of electrochemical synthesis of conductive polyaniline with the immobilized nanodispersed palladium for usage in the detection of hydrogen. Science novelty it is proposed a deposition of palladium extracted from raw material with purity of metal powders 99,99 %, with a conductive polymer film, which is the basis for creation the indicator electrode for hydrogen detection in the amperometric type sensor; for the first time it is calculated the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of the leaching of palladium from raw material; developed a process for selective separation of palladium from a solution in the form of leaching diaminedichlorinepalladium compound that provides the extraction of palladium purity of 99.99%; to establish the mechanism of cathode separation of palladium from a suspension of diaminedichlorinepalladium; first created sensory system based on conductive polymer polyaniline with immobilized nanometer-charged particles of palladium. Degree of introduction - results have been tested at enterprises of Kharkov: Enterprise "Orion", "Scientific-Technical Center for Applied Science and Technology", "Alliance Group"; introduction in the educational process NTU" KPI ". Industry of usage - to control the hydrogen content in manufacturing processes, as a catalyst in the synthesis of organic compounds in the learning processes.