Drohomyretskaya Y. Response of carp Cyprinus carpio L. immune system on action of increased concentrations of cadmium and nickel ions.

The thesis is devoted to the study of the parameters of nonspecific resistance of Cyprinus carpio exposed to heavy metal ions. A comprehensive analysis of cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific resistance reactions was carried out in Cyprinus carpio exposed to enhanced cadmium and nickel concentrations. New data was observed concerned with general functioning of fish immune system in response to toxicants. It was shown that cadmium and nickel ions accumulate in organs and tissues of fish exposed to high concentrations of these metals in environment. It was appeared cytotoxic effect of heavy metals on fish leukocytes, which result in damage of the cytoplasm and nucleus of immune cell blast and mature forms and in decrease of morphometric parameters of band and segmented neuthrophyles, such as length and width of the cell, areas of nucleus, cell and cytoplasm. It was found that heavy metal ions led to changes in populations of leukocytes in the blood-forming organs - kidney and spleen and peripheral blood.