Danilov S. Study of the state of basic cellular and humoral factors of the Cyprinus carpio L. immune system under act of lead and chromium ions.

The thesis is dedicated to research of influence of heavy metals ions, in particular, ions of lead and chromium on the separate indexes of cellular and humoral index of non-specific resistance of carp Cyprinus carpio L. During researches the decline of general amount of leucocytes is set in peripheral blood as a result of lead ions action. At the same time there was an increase in the leucocytes formula of content of blast (lymphoblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes) and diminishing of level them mature forms (neutrophilies, basophilies and pseudobasophilies). Analogical changes in a leucocytes formula take place in the presence of ions chrome (VI), but the common amount of leucocytes grows here. The answer of "acute phase" proteins depends on the type of proteins, to the ion of metal and his concentration. Activity of ceruloplasmin and index of iron satiation of transferrin decrease in reply to the action of both types of ions. At the same time concentration С-reactive protein increase in reply to the action of lead ions. At the terms of influence of chrome (VI) ions this index hesitates within the limits of control. Depending on the concentration of lead and chromium ions in an aquatic environment lisozyme activity at mucus increase in 3,1-3,7 and 3,7-10 times, accordingly. In the serum of blood it goes down in several times. Both types of ions cause diminishing to myeloperoxidase activity, bactericide activity of serum and title of heterophile antibodies. In branchiaes and kidneys of Cyprinus carpio L. lisozyme activity and myeloperoxidase activity increase under act of lead and chromium (VI) ions. As for a spleen, then on such conditions myeloperoxidase activity in it decrease as a result of diminishing to the amount of mature forms of neutrophilies - producents of this enzymes. Pays attention, that the concentration of cortisol in the blood serum decrease under act of lead ions and increase at the terms of chromium ions action.