Molka I. The influence of heat engineering characteristics of the roofs on the snow load value

The aim of the work - a scientific analysis, experimental and theoretical investigations of a snow thawing process on the roofs of heated buildings; development of recommendations for taking into account this process when rated snow loads on the roofs are defining. The object - the snow loads on the roofs. The research technique - the laboratory methods of observations of the buildings and building constructions thermal conditions; the methods of snow survey; the calculus of approximations of the different thermal conditions modeling; the methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory. The novelty - a character of dependence between snow thawing intensity and thermal resistances of roofs have been defined; a mathematical model and a calculating program of the snow thawing process on the roofs of heated buildings have been offered; for the first time the processes of snow loads changes on the ground and on the roofs with different thermal resistances have been investigated by the methods of statistical modeling; a method of standardization of the coefficient of operative conditions on the roofs has been developed; for the first time the dependence of the coefficient of operative conditions on the roofs on their thermal resistances and the characteristic value of snow load for defined locality have been got. Results - a possibility of decrease of rated snow loads for buildings with redundant generation of heat and for previously built roofs of heated buildings with low heat engineering characteristics has been validated; an evaluation of saving rate has been carried out and a potential decrease in the materials consumption of construction and a money saving has been showed; propositions for design standard improvement in determination of snow loads have been developed.