Bosevska L. Structural-lithologic characteristics of the Transcarpathia salt diapirs (in view of the underground storage facilities construction, salt resources use and protection)

The thesis is devoted to the target oriented studies of salt diapirs of the Transcarpathia internal depression on the basis of modern theoretical views concerning correlations between engineering-geological properties of rock salt and their structural and lithological characteristics. The principles of salt environment assessment aimed to ensure ecological balance during human made intervention are formulated and factors of environmental risk are defined as so as emergency situations arise often enough as a result of exploitation of rock salt bodies. Sometimes accidents have negative ecological consequences. The accident is defined by the specialists as human made ecocatastrophe. An analytical description of the lithological and structural characteristics of the salt-formation is under consideration, its chemical composition and structural and textural features are reflected. According to the principles modified by the author the structural-lithologic modeling of typical diapiric structures is carried out. Two large-scale 3D models of Solotvynska and Tereblyanska structures are compiled. A computer model is realized for Solotvyno salt dome; the created digital model is permanently acting and provides a basis for the further modeling iterations and expert systems creation. The model reflects functional features of geological environment of the salt massif which were determined by means of structure-lithological methods. By the results of modeling, taking into account the complex of environmental and geological criteria the causes of an ecological catastrophe in Solotvyno are revealed and a mechanism of the catastrophe development is given. The promising sites within the Solotvynskiy and Tereblyanskiy diapirs are indentified. The methodology for human made intervention into salt massifs ecological safety has to be based upon the principle of prevention in all the phases of the object creation and functioning. The findings of investigation make it possible to optimize the survey works, engineering-geological studies, environmental monitoring and to take appropriate technological and operational decisions regarding the multi-purpose use of salt formations.