Drobiazko A. Banking segment of financial infrastructure: macro-and microeconomic aspects of development

Author has studied the operational grounds of the banks as institutions of the society's financial infrastructure. Three levels of financial infrastructure has been featured: finances itself - as provision part of society; financial market (to which banking sector is assigned) - as infrastructure content of the financial system; and infrastructure of financial markets, including banking infrastructure. The author assessed existing national and international mechanisms of banking regulation and supervision, and defined their problems. The author has conducted the analysis of monetary policy in Ukraine at different stages of its development. The role of the National Bank of Ukraine in the system of macroeconomic regulation has been defined. The author evaluated adequacy of the monetary policy in terms of ensuring the stability of the national currency to the task of socio-economic development. The author studied microeconomic aspects of the banking system development from the viewpoint of setting up and using its resource potential and ensuring reliability and financial stability of banks. The work describes the problems of bank's capitalization, deposits and resources through issuing debt, the use of inter-bank loans, credit and investment portfolios of banks. The method of cluster analysis has been proposed, which allows for early detection of potential threats to the bank solvency and liquidity.