Bunas A. Functioning and stability of the rhizosphere microbiota rape by different nitrogen nutrition.

The thesis presents the results of studies of the impact of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer on the functioning of the rhizosphere microbiota rape and stabilization plant-microbial system with reduced losses of nitrogen. Found that the introduction of nitrogen fertilizer initiates changes functional structure microbiota rhizosphere of rape: the number amonifikatoriv and bacteria that use nitrogen in mineral research ecotypes grown in 2-2,5 times compared to the control, the number of micromycetes and streptomycetes decreased to 1-1.5 times. Funhistatychnyy status depending on the soil ecotopes research has increased by 2-5 times. Potential nitrohenazna activity decreased on average by 30% compared with control. Found that 78% of bacterial isolates isolated from the rhizosphere of rape have the ability to use their food chains mineral, organic nitrogen, or in the absence of this element, fix it with a different activity. Тselyulazna, funhistatychna, fosfatmobilizuvalna activity dominant isolates rhizosphere of rape and their ability to synthesize substances growth regulators actions are not dependent on ecotope selection. Found that 85% micromycetes demonstrate the ability to damage seedlings rape. Bacterial isolates A-29 and К-11, the dominant rhizosphere soil control options identified as Bacillus subtilis A-29 and Pseudomonas aureofaciens K-11. They have high nitrohenaznoyu activity and the ability to synthesize substances growth regulators action. Dominant strains of streptomycetes and micromycetes M-13, which showed cellulolytic activity and funhistatychnu represent genera Streptomyces and Trichoderma. Fractional making large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer does not affect the ecological balance, as indicated by environmental factors. Shown that the experimental variations agrocenosis most stable and integrated existence microbiota observed in the variant with the introduction of nitrogen in an amount of 150 kg/ha. For modeling experience stable condition microbiota noted in making barley straw in combination with 30 kg/ha of nitrogen. In a growing experiment found that processing rapeseed culture fluid strains B. subtilis A-29 and P. aureofaciens K-11 helps stabilize the microbiota, the accumulation of dry phytomass respectively 20% and 15%, and reduce the loss of nitrogen mineral in the system plant rape-substrate by 30% and 12%.