Lytvynchuk L. The surgical treatment efficacy of complications due to high grade myopia.

According to investigation data chorioretinal macular degeneration in high myopia stages 3 and 4, which is characterized by deterioration of visual function, was diagnosed in 48-62% of patients aged 30 to 50 years. Choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) in 44% is associated most frequently with vortex vein dislocation. Single intravitreal ranibizumab (1,0 and 0,5 mg) injection for myopic CNV causes retinal anatomical and functional improvement during 6 months period. Experimental study of ranibizumab biological effects on cellular culture L929 in vitro has revealed antiproliferative properties of drug (inhibition of cellular survival and mitotic activity, increasing of apoptosis level). Efficacy analysis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgical treatment has showed that in the period of 3-6 months after vitrectomy with silicone endotamponade in patients with high grade myopia ocular hypertension was found in more than 26,3% of cases compared to emetropic eyes. That was associated with the presence of silicone oil emulsification, 63±3% fragments of which have a size of 0,1 micron, anterior chamber angle narrowing and the deterioration in tonography data. The biological effects study of emulsified silicone fragments on cellular culture L929 in vitro showed that the cells while cultured have phagocytized silicone oil droplets and it caused vacuolization of the cytoplasm, the violation of mitosis and cell metabolism. In animal model study of ocular hypertension in vivo it was found that in rat's eyes in 30-60 days after intravitreal injection of emulsified silicone oil, fragments have migrated into structures of the eye and beyond, with partial cellular phagocytosis of the fragments.