Kutova A. Microfertilizers efficiency under the different fertilization level of agricultural crops on podzolic chernozem of Left-Bank Forest-Steppe

Object - patterns of change in physiological and biochemical processes in plants, enzymatic activity of podzolic chernozem under the influence of macro- and microfertilizers and in formation of crop productivity in the system soil-fertilizer-plant. Purpose - establishment of micronutrients influence on changing of physiological and biochemical processes in plants and comparative evaluation of the microfertilizers "Reakom" effeciency at different levels of macrofertilizers application for winter wheat and maize green mass and nutrients balance calculation in the soil. Methods - field research, pot experiment, modeling experiment, laboratory and analytical, calculative and comparative, mathematical statistics. Theoretical results - theoretical approaches for solution of crop fertilization problem by optimal combination of macro- and microfertilizers in podzolic chernozem of Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine was developed. Changes of agrochemical indices in topsoil layer with long-term application of fertilizers, soil enzymatic activity, physiology-biochemical processes in plants at combined applying of macro-and microfertilizers were determined. Balance of soil nutrients was calculated. Practical results - rational system of fertilization of winter wheat and maize green mass for condition of Left-Bank Forest-Steppe which enables producing of winter wheat yield over 5,0 t/ha, maize green mass - 28,0 t/ha was developed. The results of work were practical implemented in the recommendations: "Optimization of microelement nutrition of crops", "Application of micronutrients in the Kharkiv region". Novelty is to determine the efficiency of foliar dressing of winter wheat and maize green mass by microfertilizers "Reakom" under nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Optimal concentrations of ultramicroelements which increasing germination and germination energy and positive effect on the initial stages of plant ontogenesis are determined. It was proved that application of microelements with complete mineral fertilization (N30-40P30K30) increases the enzymatic activity of the soil in the root zone. The dependence of the content of available compounds of microelements in the soil and different norms of organic and mineral fertilizers were determined. Degree of application - results of research have been implemented in the experimental farm "Donetske" Yasinovatsky district Donetsk region on the area of 240 hectares. The field is agriculture.