Dotsenko A. Influence of long-term fertilizer application on agrochemical properties of typical chernozem and efficiency of resource-saved fertilization systems

Object - regularities of the transformation of humus status and nutrient regime of typical chernozem at the agrocenoses and the fertilization systems in crop rotations. Purpose - determine the effect of long-term fertilization on soil agrochemical parameters and to increase the productivity of short-term crop rotations through the application of scientifically based resource-saved fertilization systems on typical chernozem with different level of active nutrients provision. Methods - field, laboratory, statistical, balance, calculation. Theoretical results - theoretical generalization and a new solution of establish regularities of the transformation of humus status and nutrient regime of typical light-clayey chernozem in Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine under the influence of long-term (28 years) fertilization are presented. Based on these regularities the resource-saved fertilization systems for the short-term crop rotations are developed, which take into account the soil level of nutrients provision. Practical results - application of resource-saved fertilization systems is allowed to achieve high indicators of the productivity of short-term crop rotations (from 4,9 to 6,6 ton of grain units per hectare) and payback of the 1 kg of fertilizer active ingredient by yield gains (from 9,7 to 14,0 kg of grain units). Novelty - regularities of the transformation of humus status and nutrient regime of typical light-clayey chernozem under the influence of long-term (28 years) fertilization in Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are determined. Scientifically based resource-saved fertilization systems for the short-term crop rotations on typical chernozem with different level of active nutrients provision are developed. On the basis of a negative balance of nutrients is limited application period of those fertilization systems. A new way to optimize the application rates of mineral fertilizers for the projected grain crops yields on typical chernozem is presented. Degree of application - resource-saved fertilization systems introduced in "Dmytrivka" Ltd Barvenkovsky district, Kharkiv region on the area of 170 hectares. Through the introduction of resource-saved technological methods of fertilizer application in 2010 the yield of sunflower seeds was 2,13 t/ha, in 2011 the yield of spring barley grain was 3,86 t/ha. The field is agriculture.