Nagirna N. Electrochemical intercalation of lithium ions into nanoporous carbon material

A complex study of the lithium ions electrochemical intercalation process into porous carbon material (PCM), derived from plant material, carried out for the first time in the thesis and the regularities of effect of production regimes and further modification of PCM on its structural, morphological, and conductive properties, as well as the specific energy parameters of lithium power sources based on it are set. It is found out that the structure of carbon material is formed at the first structural level by mass fractal aggregates formed from primary carbon nanoclusters and surface fractal aggregates regardless of the obtaining and modification conditions. It is shown that an increase in the temperature and time of thermal modification leads to the effective development of the mesoporous structure which accounts for 50% of the total pore volume and a maximum of pore size distribution is located close to 4 nm. It is explored that the lithium ions electrochemical intercalation process into PCM is the step-wise character that is associated with the formation of the solid electrolyte interface and forming a continuous series of insertion compounds such as LixC. The kinetics of the electrochemical processes in PCM is investigated and coefficient of electro-stimulated diffusion of lithium ions in the structure of the carbon material is defined. The laboratory power sources based on PCM having a capacity over 150 mA·h/g during 90 charge / discharge cycles are developed.