Biryukov A. Increase of fire and explosion safety of household refrigerators with a working medium on isobutane basis

The dissertation is devoted to solution of the relevant scientific-and-technological problem which consists in increase of fire and explosion safety of household refrigerating appliances operating from hydrocarbons by means of determining of probability and conditions for perforation damage forming as well as dependence of forming of fire and explosion dangerous isobutane concentration in refrigerator compartments on the lead time of diffusion process. The calculation of statistical failures due to isobutane leakage from household refrigerators has been provided. Information concerning types and causes of compressor system damages of household refrigerators has been given. The differ-ences of conditions and volumes of leakage from pipe and suction lines of compressor system of household refrigerators have been shown. Evidence has been provided by experimental and theoretical approach for development of fire and explosion safety due to factor of development of flammable concentration of isobutene in the air by its leakage in household refrigerators. The results of bench researches isobutane-air mixture formation and combustion in a closed and opened container. The experimental data concerning dynamics and duration of their behavior have been received. The calculation of TNT-equivalent of explosion, the real mass of isobutane during its leak from compressor system of the modern household refrigerators has been made. The effect of thermophysical process by firing of mixture consisting of isobutane and compressor oil in case of their leak from compressor system of household fridge and presence of ignition source has been theoretically substantiated for the first time. Both procedure and calculation program of isobutane concentration in stationary air over the face of its "flow" both at the time and over the distance. The developed abstract theorems concerning isobutane diffusion from the face of its "flow" into stationary air have been substantiated experimentally. Technical requirements for a household fridge have been developed and coordinated. An experimental model of a household fridge has been manufactured and tested.