Thesis is devoted to the development of scientific basis for the technology of ceramic brick's impregnation with organic-silicone and acrylic compounds to improve its performance properties and to prevent the formation of efflorescence on the surface of products.Composition, structure and surface wettability features for ceramic bricks of main manufacturers from different regions of Ukraine, interaction processes of ceramic material with water and efflorescence formation were researched. Physical & chemical regularities and particularities of processes behavior for infiltration of ceramic matrices of different chemical composition and structure were examined and scientifically proven. Comparative assessment of the content of structure-forming crystalline and amorphous phases in the material of ceramic facing brick was given. Energy state of material surface was analyzed by wettability index. It was shown that the pore structure is characterized by the total volume within limits 10,2-28,2 % (for open pore structure - 9,9-20,4 %, the size of open capillary pores is 2,3-25,2 nanometer). The dependence of physical & mechanical properties of bricks on the development degree of its porous structure was shown.It was found that composition, pore structure and energy state of the surface are the determining factors in the interaction processes of ceramic bricks with water, aqueous solutions and water vapor. Diagram for the sequence of specified interaction's process behavior was proposed. The analysis of qualitative and quantitative composition of efflorescence on the facing brick surface was carried out. Linking between the development level of brick's pore structure and the efflorescence formation on brick's surface was found. It was mentioned that chemical composition of the mineral binder (the content of calcium cations and sulfate anions) used for masonry walls, has a significant influence on the efflorescence formation; the quantitative estimation of this factor was given.The requirements to develop effective methods to minimize efflorescence formation in the selection of the raw materials for bricks production, to prevent diffusion processes in the pore structure, and to decrease the content of ions Ca2+ and SO42 in the composition of mineral binders, were formulated. The number of environmentally friendly infiltrating products of type "Acrylic and Organic-silicon Based Facade". Intensity and completeness for behavior of processes of infiltration by these products are determined by their physical & chemical properties, composition and structure of the ceramic matrix and conditions for process carrying out. It was given the quantitative and qualitative assessment of interaction processes between Facade type products and ceramic matrices on displacement and change in the intensity of bands in the infra-red spectra of ceramics corresponding to vibration of bonds Si-O-Si, Si-O-Al and adsorbed water. It was found that the pore structure of the ceramic brick as a result of infiltration with Facade products is characterized by a decrease of open porosity and an increase of closed porosity. Processes of interaction between brick material treated by product like Facade, and water in a different aggregative state were researched, and the dependence of water absorption and water loss on the product concentrations was shown. Analysis of water adsorption impact (by the level of softening coefficient) on the physical & mechanical performance of brick treated with products like Facade, was carried out.Quantitative evaluation of the probability of salt secretion on the brick surface in different operating conditions (after capillary suckdown, salt weathering) was given. It was fundamentally shown that impregnation of brick by Facade products allows prevent the tendency to efflorescence formation, ensure its stable thermal conductivity and frost-resistance. Estimation methodology for the stability level of modified ceramics properties during operation using the method of accelerated aging was proposed. By analyzing the changes in the wettability of ceramics surface during accelerated aging, effectiveness rows of developed products like Facade by the impact on the hydrophilic property and water adsorption were determined. Quantitative evaluation of intermolecular interaction processes during accelerated aging of modified brick by level of changes in the parameters of IR absorption bands, which are characteristic for valence vibrations of adsorbed water, chemical bonds Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al, was given. Process principles for the use of impregnating products were developed, and quantitative evaluation of the operational reliability of the modified brick was given. The effectiveness of executed scientific & technical developments was confirmed by pilot testing and implementation at the facilities of modern construction.
