Movchan I. Improvement of the technology of herbicide application for maize cultivation in the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The results of researches on the peculiarities of species composition of weeds are presented, harmful effect and thresholds of weed infestation of maize with Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium album are calculated. There has been developed a method of efficiency enhancement of herbicides from the class of inhibitors of acetolactatesynthase (ALS) under application of surface active agents of various classes in the working liquids in order to reduce their application rate without the decrease of their phytotoxicity. The system of weed control of maize grown for grain, which requires application of the tank mixture of herbicides having different effects, is improved. It is proved that reliable and efficient control of the complex of annual weeds including Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium аlbum in maize grown for grain requires application of the tank mixture of herbicides Milagro, 1.0 l/ha, Callisto, 0.25 l/ha, as well as surface active agents ATPlus, 1.0 l/ha, which ensures reduction of weed infestation by 92-93 % and harvest preservation by 1.92 t/ha. To reduce the cost of chemical weed control and decrease environmental load it is necessary to apply post-emergence herbicides Milagro in maize at rate reduced by 25 % in comparison with the recommended rate in combination with ammonium nitrate, 4.0 kg/ha.