Chinarova L. . Multicomponent Variability of the Long-Period, Symbiotic and Cataclysmic stars.

This research focuses on the structure and evolution of variable stars that indicate the presence of several astrophysical mechanisms. The focus is on the long-period, symbiotic and cataclysmic stars. The results of the analysis of various parts of the multi - component variability of photometric characteristics of the stellar emission are presented based on new and previously published observations and complementary methods of mathematical modeling of signals with irregularly spaced time series, what is typical for the astronomical monitoring. The methods of the periodogram, scalegram, wavelet analysis and other are used. We discuss 218 systems for which the characteristics of multi - component variability were determined. Totally more than 593,581 photometric measurements have been analyzed, which were obtained partly by us, compiled from the international databases AFOEV, VSOLJ and AAVSO, taken from other authors for joint work. We made photometric measurements using the photographic plate collections of the Astronomical Observatory of the Odessa National University and of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute of the Moscow State University. A catalog of characteristics of individual pulsation cycles of 173 semi-regular pulsating stars and 36 RV Tauri type stars have been compiled. For 12 of the most interesting objects, characteristics are presented and models are discussed. In the long-period star AF Cyg, the presence of switching between alternate pulsation periods is confirmed, and we support a proposal to establish a new class of stars that are in transition between the long-period variable stars and the type of RV Tau. The periods of components of variability in the dual frequency star U Del are refined. For the semi-regular star RU And, the pulsation period was refined. The star revealed extreme changes in the amplitude pulsations that are characteristic of "transitional" stars switching between the types of variability "Mira variable - Constant". The phase change and changes in the characteristics of individual cycles symbiotic Mira variable UV Aur were detected as well as the 6800d photometric wave. The detected long-period changes in average brightness of UV Aur are explained by proposed model of a binary system with an elliptical orbit and the pulsational - orbital beat. In the nova-like cataclysmic variable TT Ari, the gradual difference was found in color indexes of 20-minute quasi-periodic oscillations, superhump and medium flux. We discovered the active state of the object, when the quasi-periodic oscillations were strong even after a month after the significant brightening. This challenges previous expectations that the brightness level related to the mass transfer rate is the only parameter determining the structure and thus photometric behaviour of the system. In the magnetic dwarf nova DO Dra, we discovered the statistical dependence of the characteristic timescale of the brightness decay dt/dm on brightness at the outburst maximum, which challenges the theory of constant dt/dm for a constant accretion rate. We discovered evolving "transient periodic oscillations". The proposed model is the plasma cloud, which was gradually approaching the magnetic white dwarf. The spin-up (acceleration of rotation) of the white dwarf in the intermediate polar MU Cam was discovered with a characteristic timescale of (170 ± 1.5).103 years. The discovery of the "phase wave" is interpreted by periodic changes in the structure and location of the accretion column. In the asynchronous polar BY Cam, an increase in the amplitude of variability with increasing wavelength, and decrease in color in the "low" state were revealed. The explanation is proposed that the main contribution to the radiation has the source of the cyclotron emission (i.e. the accretion column). The determined characteristics of variability of long - period, symbiotic and cataclysmic binary systems can be used in further studies of the stars and the elaboration of new theoretical models.