Tarasenko O. Optimization of the nutrition conditions of corn for the transition to no-tillage in the environment of the Left-Bank of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The transition to no-tillage created prerequisites for optimizing nutrient regime of the dark gray podzolic soil. However, the limiting factor for plant growth and plant development of corn was the deterioration of soil physical properties and including soil density. As a result, less high plants were formed and they had less area of leaf. Application of the mineral fertilizers for direct sowing cased increasing of the content of the mobile forms of the nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in 0–15 cm soil layer. It cased increasing of the nutrients income to plant bodies and activation of the growth process into plants. Thus, in variant with application of the mineral fertilizers in rate N60P50K50Mg30 content of mineral nitrogen in the layer 0–15 cm was increased to 31.4 mg/kg, mobile phosphorus was increased to 174 mg/kg and mobile potassium was increased to 183 mg/kg. Those were less on 17.0, 30.0 and 23.0 than in controls. As a result, plant height was 2.08 m and leaf index was 3.83. Those were higher on 0.15 and 0.61 than in the control variant. With the transition to no-tillage corn yield was decreased to 0.46–1.84 t/ha in comparative to plowing. However, the mineral fertilizers in no-tillage conditions improved productivity of this crop. Thus, for fertilizers application in rate N60P50K50Mg30 corn yield was increased to 10.7 t/ha and the difference with the plowing was reduced to 0.46 t/ha. But for direct sowing the quality of corn grain was increased. Thus, for mineral fertilizers application in rate N120P100K100Mg60 content of protein was higher on 1.79 % and fat content was higher on 0.35 % in comparative to the plowing.