Zhuravleva I. Agrochemical aspects of toxicity of heavy metals in the soil-plant system

The thesis presents the results of studies on the agrochemical aspects of toxicity of heavy metals in the soil-plant system by examining their impact on: a change in soil labile organic matter, mineral (amoniy and nitrate) nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus, potassium and trace elements; microbial structure cenosis; formation level green mass yield test culture of barley, volume and mass of the root system; heavy metals in above-ground and root mass culture test system.The results of observation revealed that the contaminated soil Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr contents therein of acid forms of metals is increased to a greater extent compared with the mobile forms. Also noted the manifestation of synergism and antagonism between the individual metals.A substantial loss of soil Zn, Cu, Co and mobile forms of phosphates under the influence of soil contamination with heavy metals.The influence of different levels of pollution to the formation and functioning of microbial communities has been investigated. It has revealed in considerable changes of ratio of microbial populations through decreasing of the quantity of organotrophs sensible to heavy metals and decreasing of cellulolytic activity intense.It was revealed that on the background of soil contamination with heavy metals is a decrease green mass yield and the content of chlorophyll in the leaves.There has been defined the decreasing of green mass harvest and chlorophyll content occurs under the influence soil pollution by heavy metals. The appropriate increasing of the volume of barley root system through pollution of soil by heavy metals and its mass decreasing has also been noted. There has been revealed that the greatest quantity of heavy metals delays in the root system of plants.Proposed the use of histochemical method for determining patterns of heavy metals in plants and their distribution in the organs and tissues in the early stages of ontogenesis.Suggested uses of trichodermineas biological soil improver, which hastens the cellulolytic activity and processes of growth while decreasing the negative influence of heavy metals.