Baran O. Structure and dynamics of the solar photospheric convection at different spatial and temporal scales.

The dissertation contains new results concerning the diagnostics of structure and dynamics of the solar photospheric convection at different spatio-temporal scales obtained from the high quality observations on the 70-cm German Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) (Canary Islands, Spain). The models for the solar inhomogeneous photosphere at granular (0.5-5.0 Mm) mesogranular (5-12 Mm) and supergranular (20-40 Mm) scales are constructed by the solution of the inverse nonequilibrium radiative transfer problem . Power of the convective motions in the solar photosphere is reproduced. Stratification of the vertical velocities and variations of the thermodynamical parameters (temperature, pressure, density) of the photospheric convection is investigated. It is shown that the convective structure of photosphere at granular and mesogranular scales is similar. Structure of the horizontal velocities in solar atmosphere is analyzed. We found a significant difference between supergranulation and convective structures at smaller scales. Dynamics and evolution of the ascending and the descending convection flows are studied, peculiarities of the cells are defined by their sizes.