Sosina O. Selection of the parameters of effective means of lightning protection of electric power facilities by modeling of the electrical physical processes

. Object of research - protection of electrical systems by lightning. Subject of research - the parameters of lightning protection means of the electric systems and models the electrical processes in the "choice" places struck by lightning. Research methods. The basis of the system approach laid during the theoretical and experimental research that is based on the fundamental positions of the electromagnetic field theory, mathematical physics, the theory of probability and mathematical statistics. For the numerical simulation of the electric fields used finite volume methods and absorbing boundary conditions. The calculations were performed in the FORTRAN programming environment. Reliability is ensured by using the correct development of methods, confirmed by experimental research and the introduction of Reliability Assessment of recommendations means lightning protection of power facilities. Scientific novelty of the results is as follows: for the first time - with the help of physical and mathematical modeling of the electrical processes of electrical breakdown in systems with earthed electrodes with pointed and rounded peaks demonstrated that the presence or absence of the crown, as well as its intensity is proportional to the current crown and has no significant effect on the probability of hitting the ground electrode of the corresponding high-voltage discharge at levels applied DC voltage, which correspond to the conditions of storm conditions; - Improved model of the electric field in a thunderstorm situation in which, in contrast to existing models of distribution of EP near the tops of lightning conductors as well as between lightning rod and leader lightning channel is determined based on the availability of the space charge around its summit, as well as the possibility of a counter sparks from the grounded objects; - Improved statistical model of the electrical processes in the final stage of the promotion of the leader channel of lightning to the ground, which allows you to find the distribution of the projected number of lightning strikes in parts of the electric power facilities based on their height and size, opportunities for the development of their counter sparks, as well as on-the phenomenon of lightning with different potentials. The results of the research have found practical application in the "National Energy Company Ukrenergo" (Mr .. Kiev) when assessing the reliability of lightning protection means electric power facilities, as well as in the Research and Design Institute "Lightning" NTU "KPI" in the development of recommendations on the designs lightning, and are also used in the teaching process at the Department of theoretical foundations of electrical Engineering and Engineering Electrophysics NTU "KPI" in the teaching of disciplines and degree designing.