This research focuses on the physiological characteristics of complex fertilizers (Phiziozhyvlin, Brexil Mix, Master, Plantafol, Cu+B, Zn+B, Nutrivant Plus Cereals, Energen Fulhum Plus) with influence on the formation of grain productivity, which, due to their regulatory effects on different functional parts of the plant organism such as the changes in the root hairs cells activity, including some components of membrane transport, redox potential and protons yield activity which is mediated by IAA growth in leaves and roots and improvements in the density of roots, stimulating the growth of wheat plant biomass. It has been shown that plant treatment by complex fertilizers increases the content of photochemically active chlorophyll, which both transmits excitation energy to the reaction centers and activates the electron transfer to the electron transport chain, improving the efficiency of light quanta energy attraction on dark photochemical processes of carbon assimilation, which corresponds with growth of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation. It was been shown that the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity enhances the resistance of plants to abiotic factors. The treatment of soft wheat plant by complex fertilizers Phiziozhyvlin unlike two-component micronutrients Cu+B and Zn+B affects the activity of the individual components of membrane transport in roots cells, helping to increase the redox potential while reducing protons yield activity and increasing Ca:K ratio with their absorption and flow of these items to the tissues of roots together with the increase in the total and active surface roots. It was found that foliar application of complex fertilizers to plants revitalizes the soil, improving its microbiological activity of prototrophs as well as increasing the content of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, diazotrophs and olygonitrofills. The efficiency of PS II activation depends on the composition and balance macro and micro elements in fertilizer, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It was found that foliar feeding by complex fertilizers enhances photosynthetic activity and photo- and dark respiration of leaves as well as improves the efficiency of wheat plants uptake of main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium. It is shown that the application of complex fertilizers of different composition: Phiziozhyvlin, Brexil Mix, Master, Plantafol improves structural indicators of harvest, ear length, number of spikelet's and grains per ear, mass of 1000 grains contributing to the increase in soft wheat grain productivity by 0,54-0,64 t/ha or 12-14%. The application of complex fertilizers leads to the growth of the economic and energy efficiency of the crop in various ways.
