Shkapenko V. Geochemical features of biotransformation of nonpolar hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sediments

Dissertation is devoted to study the biotransformation of nonpolar hydrocarbons. It is established that under conditions characteristic of coastal sediments, petroleum hydrocarbons under the influence of oil-destructive microorganisms are transformed into simpler substances to CO2 and H2O, due to embed oxygen atom in the hydrocarbon chain. Under conditions of lack of oxygen and low temperatures, this process leads to the formation of humic substances. Clay minerals and ammonium ions activate the process. It is established experimentally that the formation of humic substances as a result of biodegradation of hydrocarbons affects the ability of biomineral precipitation to absorb transition metal ions . The study of the transformation of petroleum hydrocarbons under oil-oxidizing microorganisms allowed to develop biomineral composition for the destruction of oil contamination on the surface of solids.