Marchuk T. The Typology and Poetics of the DramaWorks by M. Kulish and Eu. O'Neill.

The thesis is devoted to the analysis of the dramas by M. Kulish and Eu. ONeill. The analysis is carried out on the basis of comparative-typological method that is indicated to be the main in the dissertation. The works of the playwrights are considered to be simultaneous in time of creation but marked by the peculiarities of the national literature tradition of each of the authors. The dissertation deals with the problem of the genre modifications of the "new drama" in the European literature at the end of the 19th beginning of the 20th century. It is stated in the thesis that "the new drama", arising up at the end of the 19th century, absorbed resourceful and at the same time idea-close artistic searches of Ibsen, Strindberg, Hauptman, Show, Maeterlinck and other West European writers. Engendered in the epoch of realism, it outgrew in naturalistic, and afterwards in symbolic drama, however it did not cast aside classic means. Due to the naturalistic requirements to the exact, even photographic reproduction of reality dramatists succeeded to outline society's moral-ethics problems. Symbolic dramatists managed to deepen a reader in the philosophic-metaphorical world and through metaphor and allegory to carry the metaphysical essence. At the beginning of the 20th century the expressionist "scream drama" appeared in Germany. The minimization of action, the use of pathetic monologues, exclamations, function images, masks, sketchy characters were among its main elements. The tragic final of the dramas accents on the heroes' social pessimism and their inability to live in the given conditions.