Shlieienkova H. Disturbance of physical, psychomotor development and adaptation processes in young children and their rehabilitation improvement

123 children from orphanage aged from 2 to 3.5 months participated in the survey. Impaired physical development was detected in 44.9% cases, delayed psychomotor development - in 95.7%, decreased coefficient of neuropsychological development to 82 points was estimated. Children with complicated prenatal history and intrauterine growth retardation had insufficient iodine intake (70 µg/day at the 3 months of age). As a result decreased functional activity of pituitary-thyroid system was detected in 71.2% of patients. High levels of TSH were often found out in infants with low body weight (TSH median 4.3 mU/L) and in children with the signs of static, kinetic, mental and pre-speech retardation (TSH median 3.5 mU/l). Positive linear correlation by PPMCC between TSH and cortisol levels (?=+0.189; p<0.05) and between TSH and serotonin levels (?=+0.772, р<0.05) was detected. In patients with TSH levels above 4.0 mU/l increased chance of abnormal facial expressions and impaired motor skills (OR=8.04) were detected, decreased coefficient of neuropsychological development less than 80 points (OR=19.80) was found out, signs of static, kinetic, mental and pre-speech retardation (OR=8.31) were assessed. Iodine supplementation (50 µg per day for 6 months) improved thyroid status (reduced the TSH median to 1.96 mU/l). It resulted in normalization of physical and neuropsychological development, neurological status, decreased the production of cortisol to 267.0 nmol/l and serotonin to 186.5 nmol/ml.