Ulitina M. Safety improvement works at liquidation of consequences associated with collapse of buildings

The object of research - the processes of preparation and conduct of special works (SVR) in the elimination of the consequences of the collapse of building structures and structures. The purpose of the dissertation is to ensure the safety of conducting special types of work in case of emergency situations related to the collapse of buildings and structures. Research methods - systematic analysis of SVR; Modeling of extreme situations related to the collapse of building structures of buildings and structures; Statistical methods for processing experimental data. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: 1. For the first time the laws of destruction of building structures due to the emergence of emergency situations, depending on the design scheme, a series of residential buildings, which allows you to predict the choice of means of mechanization and their safe use for effective performance of work. 2. Based on the theory of decision-making, an algorithm for the step-by-step cycle of compiling qualitative and quantitative target functions has been developed in the course of conducting special types of work on the elimination of the consequences of emergencies. 3. The further development of the study of dynamic processes of stability of the PTM of considerable height has been obtained. The linearized equations developed in the first approximation allow us to estimate the dynamics of a stable and unstable state of the PTM when creating new ones at the design stage. 4. For the first time the theoretical bases of increase of safety and efficiency, carrying out of special types of works in extreme situations at collapse of houses and constructions have been developed. Practical significance of the obtained results: - variants of technological schemes of dismantling of the upper parts of the destroyed construction objects depending on their nature and the availability of transport communications; Scientific and practical substantiation of the necessity of increasing the safety and efficiency of the SVR under extraordinary conditions during the collapse of building structures; Emergency and recovery complex was developed, which allows safely and efficiently perform work on high-rise buildings, taking into account the tasks set; Integrated training as an element of physical modeling, which allowed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the decisions taken in the course of liquidation of the National Assembly; The methodological approach that was introduced during conducting the exercises of the Kharkiv State Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine at the gas tank № 1 of Kharkiv was developed, which made it possible to increase the safety and efficiency of operational actions by reducing the cost of conducting a special type of work during the localization and liquidation of the National Assembly, to reduce material losses By 25% by reducing the time spent on liquidation of the National Assembly by 10%. The sphere (branch) of use at the enterprises of the SSNS of Ukraine during carrying out of special types of works connected with collapse of buildings and structures.