Gupal M. Methods of computer analysis of discrete sequences

Dissertation is devoted to a research of structural features of the discrete sequences in DNA, a noise immunity of genetic codes at dot mutations of nucleotides and to influence of a noise immunity on genetic diseases. On the basis of mathematical formulas it is established that in each DNA strand contains approximately equal number of complementary nucleotides, and the number short sequences of nucleotides approximately equals to the number of reverse-complementary nucleotide sequences. Uncommon rules of symmetry order decrease and rule of symmetry order increase are output. Symmetry to amino acids in proteins which are synthesized on DNA strands is removed. Computing experiments which confirmed symmetry for separate amino acids and their pair in organisms with a simple structure of a genome are made. The symmetric code concerning polarity of amino acids at mutations in nucleotides is constructed using symmetry in DNA which the order exceeds immunity standard code. A standard code is compared with randomly generated codes. The noise immunity of genetic code is analyzed. On the basis of databases of genetic diseases of a standard code three hundred mutations which are related to different types of diseases were tested. Approximately a half of them led to disturbance of polarity of amino acids or to mutations of the third nucleotide. The symmetric code in 80 % of cases corrected disturbance of polarity at the mutations of codon. Thus, disturbance of polarity of amino acids has appreciable influence on developing of diseases. Standard and symmetric codes define additional signs of mutations which are bound to conservation and disturbance of polarity of amino acids at mutations. Therefore this information can be used at diagnostics of genetic diseases by means of Bayesian procedures. Perspective computer approach to recognition of hematological diseases is reasonable. Due to rapid work of Bayesian procedures on the computer by search of indicators combinations with the highest quality of recognition are selected. In such a way it is possible to carry out rapid diagnostics, without making all analyses of the patient.