The thesis presents the survey results 547 pregnant women aged 20 to 30 years, which resulted in a comprehensive examination. Throughout the survey, it was determined the prevalence of defects of dentition, is clinically defined functional signs of violation of the dental system (abbreviated "Hamburg" test), we study the occlusal relationships with the help of computerized oclusion, result of surface bioelectric activity of masticatory muscles, levels markers resorption and remodeling of bone tissue during pregnancy and after delivery, results of the chewing efficiency in pregnant and women in postpartum by the developed technique. On the basis of scientific Ukrainian and foreign literature determined the multiplicity of the survey. Exclusion criteria from the study were as follows: refusal of the patient from the examination, the presence of defects of dentition in the anterior (incisors and canines), pronounced toxicosis during pregnancy, the index of hygiene Fedorova Y. A. and Volodkino V. V. (1971) above 2.0 inclusive, patients with destructive-inflammatory changes in periodontal tissues and hard somatic pathology. The material of the study consisted in 3 groups, group 1 included pregnant women (n=62 (34.6 %), defects of dentitions, which we conducted dental orthopedic treatment in the first trimester of pregnancy. Group 2 included pregnant women (n=65 (36,3 %), defects of dentition, who were dental orthopedic treatment in the postpartum period (2-4 weeks after delivery). Group 3 included pregnant women (n=52 (29,1 %)) who have not been diagnosed with defects of dentition. Patients in groups 1 and 2, the absence of separate groups of teeth were in the form of absence: 46 tooth: group 1 - 9 (14,5 %), in group 2 - 10 (15,4 %); 36 of the tooth: in group 1 - 7 (11,3 %), group 2 - 8 (12,3 %); 25 of the tooth: in group 1 - 6 (9,7 %), in group 2 - 6 (9,2 %); 16 teeth: group 1 - 5 (8,1 %), group 2 - 5 (7,7 %).in group 1 - 4 (6,5 %), in group 2 - (9 (15,4 %). Adontia other teeth were within 2 - 4 (3,1- 6,5 %). The results of the abbreviated "Gamburg" test at the beginning of the study in Group 1 made up 1.42 points, in group 2 - 1.34 points, in group 3 - 0,52 points that testifies to creation of preconditions for development of dysfunction of the masticatory apparatus among the surveyed groups 1 and 2, in contrast to group 3, where it was determined the normal physiological condition. The results of the conducted computer oclusal, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period showed that the surveyed group 1 compared to group 2 are statistically different from each other. On such indicators as the Index of asymmetry, the time of maximum intercuspidation,оcclusion time and disclussion time. We noted a statistically significant deterioration in all indicators during pregnancy in group 2, unlike group 1, where observed the recovery of computer oclusal. Change in group 3 did not receive the level of statistical significance. Evaluation of the masticatory efficiency according to the proposed method in the postpartum period in groups 1 and 2 particle size between 50 and 500 pixels were observed in 58,61 % and 66.13 per cent of patients; from 500 to 1000 pixels in 33,87 % 27,69 % of patients; from 1000 pixels to infinity - 8.06 % of 9.23 % of patients, respectively.
