Klyuyeva A. Space-energy distribution of cosmic rays during Forbush effects.

The thesis deals with a systematic study of practical and theoretical peculiarities of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) modulation in the interplanetary medium. A special attention is paid to the study of space-time and energy distributions of the GCRs during the Forbush effects (FEs) evolution in the inner heliosphere. The regularities in the dynamics of the gamma index of a rigidity spectrum of long-period variations of the GCR intensity were established at different phases of the 19-24-nd Schwabe-Wolf cycles; with negative and positive polarity of the global magnetic field of the Sun; at 27-day variations of the CR intensity; at short-term variations - at different phases of the development of the Forbush effects. It has been found a new regularity in the dynamics of the CRs energy spectrum: a strong and sudden softening of the rigidity spectrum of GCR variations was observed before the FD and/or during the main phase development. It was created a catalog of FEs, where each event matches the type of interplanetary perturbation which caused a decrease in the GCRs intensity during the FE development (~1000 events were identified). Within the inhomogeneous model, which includes a homogeneous background and regions of high-speedsolar streams, the transport equation which describes the CRs distribution in the heliospheric magnetic fields was solved, and the influence of high-speed streams on the galactic cosmic rays spatial distribution was evaluated.