Dovbash N. Changes in the properties of gray forest soil and corn productivity in conditions of contamination of ecotopes by heavy metals

The thesis is devoted to the study of changes in agrochemical and biological properties of gray forest littoral soil under conditions of stable contamination of ecotopes by lead, cadmium, zinc in the of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that the long-term man-made impact on the ecosystem of gray forest light loam soil and the accumulation of lead in it up to 100 mg/kg, cadmium in 2.0 and zinc up to 50 mg/kg did not deteriorate the physicochemical properties in the upper 0–20 have a centimeter layer of soil compared with the natural background. Concentration of lead in the amount of 1000 mg/kg, cadmium – 20, zinc – 500 mg/kg marked an increase in the exchange acidity by 1.27 units pH, hydrolytic acidity – by 1.24 mg-eq/100 g soil and loss of humus by 0.26 %. The features of the distribution of heavy metals along the profile of gray forestless Camouflage soils under technogenic contamination of the territory were studied. It was established that in conditions of systematic contamination of ecotopes, the soil of which is under processing, more concentration of gross reserves of zinc, lead and cadmium was observed in the humus-alluvial and upper parts of the alluvial humus horizon. The influence of pollutants of ecotopes by heavy metals on formation of photosynthetic apparatus is investigated, the morphological parameters of the plant, corn yield, the biochemical and toxicological properties of grain have been studied. It was revealed that on gray forestless stilts of the Right-bank Forest-steppe with a concentration of lead in the arable layer of up to 1000 mg/kg, zinc up to 500 mg/kg, cadmium up to 20 mg/kg remain suitable for growing maize for grain with a yield of 6.15–7.93 tons/ha, depending on the level of contamination.