Нvasta M. Improvement of the theory of calculations of transients in the dynamics of equipment for food industries

The thesis is devoted to the evaluation of the interactions of material and energy flows in the machinery and equipment of food production. In the introduction, the expediency and relevance of the thesis work is justified. The importance of searches in the organization of interaction between material and energy flows, limitation of specific energy costs in cargo transportation systems was noted. Section 1 analyzes the interactions of material and energy flows in food technologies, the specifics of energy supply for the movement of goods. On the basis of the analysis, research problems are formulated. Section 2 is devoted to descriptions of methods for conducting theoretical studies, the choice of physical bases and assumptions that are the basis of theoretical models, the results of experimental verification of the latter. Analytical modeling of statics, kinematics, dynamics and energy exchange processes is based on the classical positions of mechanics, Newton's laws, the principles of possible displacements, D'Alembert, superpositions, Ammonton-Coulomb friction laws and conservation laws in their direct use. The third section is devoted to the interrelations between energy and material flows in cargo transportation systems. It is shown that part of the energy costs associated with overcoming inertia forces is equivalent to the kinetic energy of the moving mass. In cases of accelerated movement of goods on vertical sections, the relationship between the kinetic energy of the moving mass and the work of the driving forces against gravity is determined by the ratio of the acceleration of a given law and the acceleration of gravity. In cases of using symmetrical laws of moving loads on vertical sections in rigid systems, the energy costs associated with overcoming inertia forces are compensated for in the run-out areas. It is shown that the possibility of providing the condition for the induction of asynchronous electric motors beyond the boundaries of a stable part of the static mechanical characteristic. It is established that the decrease in the acceleration time increases the power, but the energy costs with the stabilized values of the final speed remain constant. The mathematical models of interaction of cargoes with combinations of moving and fixed planes are developed. It is shown that the velocity of the motion of the reference plane is evaluated as a variational factor affecting the kinematics and dynamics of the process. It is determined that the work against frictional forces in a gravity lowering device does not depend on the shape of the broken or curvilinear form of the descent plane. The obtained energy relations allow to make calculations of slopes of curvilinear form. The method of calculation of rigid systems for moving loads with symmetric sinusoidal, cosine-bearing and other symmetric laws with compensation of energy expenditure of acceleration in runoff modes is developed. The possibility of such compensation is shown due to kinematic connections. Section 4 is devoted to reloading systems and storage devices for piece cargo. Cumulative devices and complexes of modern food production concern all parts of their transport-technological systems. It is shown that storage devices of piece cargo transfer transport-technological systems to the category of systems with flexible connections, and their existence is associated with the need for rebuilding the flows, dividing them, forming and disbanding arrays of products, etc. It is shown that the processes of overloading cylindrical products were described using nonlinear differential equations. On the basis of the elements of the theory of probability, relationships are obtained that relate to the performance of automatic machines and the capacity of storage devices that connect them technologically. Theoretical developments are the basis for constructive solutions aimed at the use of kinetic and potential energies in their accumulations and transformations.