Biletskyi A. Public participation in the prevention of corruption crimes in Ukraine.

The current research focuses on defining the ways of strengthening the functional capacity of the public in the sphere of counteracting corruption and developing recommendations on measures to prevent corruption crimes. Different works of scientists of different times on the role of the public in the prevention of corruption crimes are analyzed. It is stated that during the Soviet era the public was seen as a voluntary assistant to law enforcement in the crime prevention. Separate forms and methods of public participation in preventing of corruption were established in the period of the formation of Ukraine's independence. However the state continued to address the problem of corruption through the efforts of law enforcement agencies. Only after the Revolution of Dignity (2014) the public has become a full-fledged subject of prevention of corruption crimes. The definition of the public as a subject for the prevention of corruption crimes is given, its basic rights, functions, tasks and purpose of activity are clarified. The public is understood as a legitimate association of individuals and legal entities of private law, created to protect the interests of society from unlawful corruption offenses. It is stated that the rights of the public are integrated into four main functions: monitoring compliance with the rules of anti-corruption legislation, public advocacy, communications between actors for combating corruption and society, mobilizing members of society to counteract corruption offences. The trends of the spread of corruption crimes in the state are established on the basis of quantitative and qualitative indicators analysis. The increase of the level of corruption crimes after 2015 is recorded. This is explained by the intensification of the activity of the anti-corruption NGOs. The spread of corruption crimes in the private sector is noted. The main results of the public activity in the prevention of corruption crimes in Ukraine in 2016. The activities of the citizens and anti-corruption NGOs were analyzed. It is stated that performance of the anti-corruption NGOs is better that the citizens’ performance in the sphere of prevention of corruption. The international aspect of involving the public in measures to prevent corruption crimes is considered. International standards for the prevention of corruption have been explored, the interaction of donor organizations and national public organizations has been studied, the experience of international NGOs in combating corruption has been analyzed. A number of measures have been created through which the public is able to participate in anti-corruption reform in the country, interact with other actors to prevent corruption crimes, counteract corruption offenses in the private sector, control the activities of specialized subjects to prevent corruption crimes.