Ivchenko V. Biological features common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) and improving the protection crops of peas in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The dissertation is devoted to studying the biological characteristics of one of the most dangerous in Ukraine a quarantine weed-allergen – common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and the development of economically and environmentally acceptable measures of protection against this weed, which would provide for its replacement with agrocenosis, harvest preservation and improvement of the phytosanitary condition of crops and the environment. Found that among the potential reserves of weed seeds in soil Velykopysarivskiy region Sumy region common ragweed is 10–20 %. Most of it accumulates in the lands that are not processed, the banks of ponds, forest belts – 54.1–77.8 million/ha. Proved that the extracts of weeds inhibit the germination of peas for 22–73 % and the effect of extracts from leaves of periwinkle and rhizomes of couch grass ambrosia is reducing its height of 4.7–6.5 cm, and reduce the number of plants that have blossomed at 30–50 %. During drought, ragweed forms by 32 % fewer seeds from one plant, which is similar 17.8–25.7 %. Seed common ragweed that obtained after the application of herbicides, growing faster than in control and able to switch to flowering, while in the juvenile condition. To protect liquefied pea crops on complex weed, including common ragweed, effective is the consistent introduction of soil and in herbicides ladder (77.3–83.0 %).