Makarova N. Microcolpia daudebartii and Esperiana esperi (Mollusca: Pectinibranchia: Melanopsidae) in Ukraine (fauna, taxonomy, distribution, ecology)

The results of a comprehensive study using morphometry, allozyme analysis and mitochondrial COI of research the existence of two species M. daudebartii and E. esperi in Ukraine. It is confirmed, genetic divergence of which corresponds to the level of the single genera. The areal GIS-modeling of two species used were of climate, and the “mean temperature seasonality” “mean temperature of driest quarter” and “precipitation of warmest quarter” were three of them important fact or sin predicting habitat suitability this mollusks and the distribution. For each species of the shellfish we determined the ecological preferences according to the most important abiotic factors of the environment: temperature, currents peed, depth, water clarity, nature of the substratum, active reaction of aquatic environment. Hydrological and hydrochemical regimes of their habitats are established, these species ecological spec are made. The indices of these two species occurrence, population density and biomass in all major rivers of Ukraine are given. For the first time peculiarities of M. daudebartii and E. esperi lifecycles in Ukrainian wood land and steppe geographical zones are established. The specious, sex and age structures of their populations and the influence on their population number and density, birth and mortality rates are characterized. According to our research data, the longest of their lifecycles is the prereproduction period – about one year. It is educed that populations of M. daudebartii and E. esperi are polycyclic. Among than the most-stability of age-old variety Northern populations are. It is well-proven that the peak of quantity is falls on that the period, when year lings appear mass. The demographics of the southern populations it is higher that such of the north populations. The mortality rate among of the year lings are greatest.