Bardadym Y. Influence of magnetic and electric fields on the structure and properties of epoxy composites

Thesis is devoted to the study of the effect of external permanent magnetic or electric fields on the structure, thermophysical, dielectric properties of epoxy polymers and their composites containing metal oxides and polyaniline. System studies of structure, thermophysical, thermomechanical and dielectric properties of composites filled with diamagnetic or paramagnetic metal oxides formed under the influence of external constant physical fields were carried out for the first time. Patterns of connection between the structure and the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy composites were first established. This makes it possible to purposefully influence external physical fields on the process of solidification of composites in order to obtain materials with a certain complex of functional properties. The introduction of inorganic filler causes the epoxy polymer to dissolution of the structure and reduces the glass transition temperature of the epoxy composite. The estimation of the influence of constant physical fields on the tangent angle of the dielectric losses of the filled composites shows that the orientation effect of constant physical fields increases the free volume of molecular chains of the chemical network of the epoxy polymer. The introduction of fillers causes an increase in the dynamic modulus of elasticity, but after the action of constant physical fields, this value is slightly reduced. For samples of EP – СdO, formed under the influence of external constant physical fields, a decrease in the temperature of destruction up to 50 K is observed, the total number of gaseous products registered in the mass spectrum up to 87 units and 18% of the total ion current. However, samples of EP – PbO an increase in the temperature of decomposition maxima of 50 K and up to 13,8% of the total ion current is characteristic. The influence of physical fields on samples of EP – Cr2O3 provokes reduction of total ion current by 25%, specific intensity of ion fragments up to 20%. The introduction of polyaniline leads to a significant decrease (at 50 K) of the temperature of maximum allocation of volatile components. The ideas of constructing mathematical models and mechanisms of the influence of permanent magnetic and electric fields on epoxy polymers and their composites containing metal oxides and polyaniline have been developed. Based on the results obtained, the method of calculating an electromagnet and a cylindrical capacitor using the software «Elcut» has been improved. The result of the thesis was was introduced in the educational process of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Macromolecular Chemistry of Faculty of Oles Gonchar Dnipro National University for disciplines: "Theoretical bases and technology of polymer composite materials" from the field of knowledge 16 - Chemical and Bioengineering (Bachelor); "Technology and equipment for processing plastics" (masters) in specialty 161 - chemical technologies and engineering. Industrial tests were carried out at the Eurodeal company in с. Klodzko, Poland. The results confirm that the composite materials developed have low shrinkage, low water absorption (less than 0,5%), low viscosity and controlled cure time, and also can withstand heavy loads, high temperature and action of active chemicals, and also after curing does not emit toxic components. The obtained results of the study of the influence of magnetic and electric constant fields were used to improve the existing method of manufacturing nanocomposites based on reactor plastics.