Sysoliatin S. Lipid and fatty acid composition of tissues and organs of carp Cyprinus carpio L. under artificial hibernation

The content, the composition of individual lipids, their ratio and the degree of unsaturation of the common liver lipids, white muscles, gills and brain of the carp of Cyprinus carpio L. in the state of active living and artificial hibernation (for the 3 rd, 6 th and 24th hours of exposure) were first researched in the dissertation. Based on the results obtained, the organospecificity of the lipid and fatty acid contents of lipids in the carp organism is shown in the state of active life, which depends on the physiological and biochemical features of tissues and organs of fish. It has been experimentally established that the presence of Cyprinus carpio L. carp in the hypoxic-hypercapic environment decreases the temperature resulting in a decrease in the total lipid content and the redistribution of individual lipids in investigated tissues and organs with an increase in exposure time. The most pronounced changes in the content of lipid components and their ratios are observed at the 24th year of the hibernation exposure compared with the control. The increase in the level of phospholipids and cholesterol, the main structural components of cell membranes, is probably due to the modification of the structure of membranes in the experimental conditions. The detected reduction in triacylglycerol levels, as well as the increase in the content of unesterified fatty acids and esters of cholesterol, is aimed at providing the energy potential of the carp’s organism for hypoxichypercapnic effects. The dissertation presents the results of investigations of the fatty acid spectrum of liver, white muscle, gill and brain Cyprinus carpio L. and liver and white muscle of Acipenser ruthenus L. for artificial hibernation. It is shown that the total content of saturated and the growth of unsaturated fatty acids is reduced, mainly due to the polyunsaturated family ω3 and ω6, which is probably an integral part of the cellular mechanism of action of the hypoxic-hypercapic environment. The revealed modifications of lipid composition, the content of individual fatty acids of tissue lipids and carp and sterile organs are adaptive in nature and explains their involvement in the reorganization of the reactivity system of the body for hypoxichypercapnic effects.