Kyslynska A. Formation and functioning of endophytic association of soil-inhibiting saprotrophic fungi Сhaetomium cochliodes with common buckwheat

The ability of the saprotrophic fungi C. cochliodes 3250 to the formation of the endophytic association with the plants of common buckwheat has been shown. The fungi grow on the buckwheat roots, form fruiting body on the roots surface and root hairs and penetrate the buckwheat rhizodermal cells. The use of succinate dehydrogenase as cytochemical marker of formation endophytic associations by saprotrophic fungi and plants has been suggested. It has been established that C. сochliodes 3250 is able to synthesize growth-regulating substances. The fungi produce the indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, 2,4-epibrassinolide, cholesterol and ergosterol, which play an important role in the formation of plant resistance to pathogens. It is shown that pre-sowing treatment of buckwheat seeds by fungi activates the basic physiological responses of plants: general adsorption and active working root surface, length and mass of plants, leaf surface area, chlorophyll a and b content are increased. It is proven that N2-fixing bacteria A. brasilense 18-2 has a positive effect on the associative system: the fungi C. cochliodes 3250 - buckwheat plants. All the above affects the improvement of the seeds germination and crop preservation, the number and mass of the grains per plant, the mass of 1000 grains and directly on the yield of common buckwheat.