Aminov R. Effect of hirudopuncture and extract tissue of medical leech on immune reactivity of females and offspring of rats in post-embryonic ontogenesis

The dissertation is devoted to the study of the functional state of the immune system of sexually mature nonlinear female rats exposed to the hirudological influence and management of the Hirudo verbana water-salt extract in the period before mating and the period after mating, and the functional state of the immune system of their offspring in the post-embryonic ontogenesis. For the first time it was discovered, in an experiment in laboratory rats, that saliva and hydro-salt extract of Hirudo verbana medical leeches (ML) stimulate the immune system of females and their offspring in early post-embryonic ontogenesis. It was established that the introduction of water-salt extract and the hirudological effect stimulate the internal tissues of the internal environment: hematopoietic and lymphoid. Putting water-salt extract and hirudological influence in laboratory rats of females and their offspring in post-embryonic ontogenesis contributed to increased phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils compared to control groups of animals. For the first time, it has been demonstrated that saliva and water-salt extract increase the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils in female rats and their offspring compared with the control group of animals. Such changes in the parameters of functional activity of blood neutrophils in rats are associated with the activation of congenital immunity under the influence of ML. It was established that ML stimulates non-productive immunogenesis, which is manifested by the appearance of lymphocytes with morphological features of apoptosis and necrosis. It was found that induction of unproductive immunogenesis of ML of the species Hirudo verbana leads to apoptosis and necrosis of lymphocytes in cell culture, under conditions of influence of ML of saliva and water-salt extract, it is probably the leading mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of ML. An increase in the level of proliferative activity of lymphocytes under the influence of ML is higher than spontaneous, can be explained by the presence of common patterns in the protein structure of all species. Excess of proliferative activity on ML compared to spontaneous cultures, even in control females, can be explained by their polyclonality. Such changes in the indicators proliferative activity of blood lymphocytes in rats are associated with the activation of adaptive immunity under the influence of ML. For the first time, it has been demonstrated that ML causes an increase in the proliferative activity of bone marrow cells. It was first discovered that ML stimulates the lymphoid organs of the immune system (thymus and spleen), which is manifested in the increased body weight, the number of lymphocytes per unit area, the increase in the area of the lymphoid follicle of the spleen, the prevalence of the white spleen of the spleen in comparison with the control groups of animals.