Vashchuk A. Synthesis, structure and properties of crosslinked polycyanurates and nanoporous materials generated by using ionic liquids

Object of research: designs of new materials by synthesis of thermostable polymers from monomers containing C≡N bond, in the presence of ionic liquids as multifunctional agents. Aim of the work: establishing regularities of polycyanurate networks formation in the presence of ionic liquids depending on the chemical structure and content of the latter, and determining the influence of ionic liquid as multifunctional agent on physical-chemical properties of polymers and nanoporous materials synthesized. Methods: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) 1H NMR spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, DSC-based thermoporometry, gas adsorption method (BЕТ analysis). Polycyanurate networks were synthesized in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) as multifunctional agents: catalyst, reactive modifier, filler or porogen. Kinetics of polycyanurates formation in the presence of ILs of various types, namely, aprotic, protic or polymeric protic were studied for the first time. Schemes of the chemical incorporation of protic ILs into polycyanurate network are suggested using model studies. The mechanism of catalysis of dicyanate ester of bisphenol E polycyclotrimerization due to the formation was newly proposed. Polycyanurates with a high amount of [HPyr][BF4] (20-40 wt%) were synthesized. The influence of IL content on the kinetic features of polycyanurates formation and properties of the composites filled with the IL were studied. The complex formation between the IL and electrophilic centers of triazine rings was proposed. An effective method of nanoporous PCN films generation was developed by extraction of aprotic IL from composites and their morphological features, porous structure parameters and thermal properties were determined.