Ovchynnykova Y. Scientific and methodical basis of the ecological network optimization of Eastern Podilia

Thesis for a candidate degree in Biology in specialty 03.00.16 “Ecology”. – Communal Higher Educational Institution “Vinnytsia Academy of Continuing Education” of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2019. In order to achieve the objectives of preserving biodiversity of the region, the optimization of land use should be carried out. Taking into account the ecologically dangerous cultivation of its lands (65.2%), it is recommended to reduce it by an average of 22.8%. Reducing the share of cultivated land should be done by removing highly eroded and unproductive land. A significant part of them with steep slopes greater than 7o need to be allocated under forging, which will increase the forests of the territory by an average of 19‒20%. Another part of the withdrawn cultivated land with steepness of slopes less than 7o should be allocated under the pasture, which will enable to increase the share of pasture and grassland to 18‒19%. The application of these optimization measures will allow to increase the share of environmentally sustainable lands from 29.4 to 45.49% and significantly expand the ecosystem and socio‒economic role of the eco‒network. The main way of implementing the REN is further optimization of the NRF ‒ the creation of new protected objects (the Transbio Reserve «Dniester Canyon» in conjunction with Moldova), the allocation of boundaries in their nature. Optimization and implementation of REN requires its “harmonic insert” into the “General scheme of planning the territory of the Vinnytsia region”, providing a qualitatively new rational organization of the territory.